Authentication in FastAPI: Complete Guide to JWT & OAuth2

Authentication is crucial for most APIs. FastAPI provides excellent built-in support for OAuth2 and JWT (JSON Web Tokens), making it easy to implement secure authentication. Let's build a complete authentication system from scratch.

What We'll Build

By the end of this guide, you'll have:

User registration with password hashing
Login with JWT token generation
Protected routes that require authentication
Token refresh mechanism
Password reset functionality
Best practices for production security

Setting Up Dependencies

First, install the required packages:

# Using pip
pip install fastapi uvicorn python-jose[cryptography] passlib[bcrypt] python-multipart
 
# Using Poetry
poetry add fastapi uvicorn python-jose[cryptography] passlib[bcrypt] python-multipart

Dependencies explained:

python-jose: JWT token creation and validation
passlib: Password hashing with bcrypt
python-multipart: Form data parsing (for OAuth2 password flow)

Project Structure

app/
├── main.py                 # FastAPI app
├── auth/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── models.py          # User models
│   ├── schemas.py         # Pydantic schemas
│   ├── security.py        # Password & token handling
│   ├── dependencies.py    # Auth dependencies
│   └── routes.py          # Auth endpoints
└── config.py              # Configuration

Configuration

# config.py
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
 
class Settings(BaseSettings):
    # Security
    SECRET_KEY: str = "your-secret-key-change-this-in-production"
    ALGORITHM: str = "HS256"
    ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES: int = 30
    REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS: int = 7
    
    # Database
    DATABASE_URL: str = "sqlite:///./app.db"
    
    class Config:
        env_file = ".env"
 
settings = Settings()

Create a .env file:

SECRET_KEY=your-very-secret-key-min-32-characters-long
ALGORITHM=HS256
ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES=30
REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS=7
DATABASE_URL=sqlite:///./app.db

Important: Generate a secure secret key:

# Generate a secure random secret key
openssl rand -hex 32

Database Models

# auth/models.py
from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, Integer, String, DateTime
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from datetime import datetime
 
Base = declarative_base()
 
class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = "users"
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
    email = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
    username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
    hashed_password = Column(String, nullable=False)
    full_name = Column(String)
    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
    is_superuser = Column(Boolean, default=False)
    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow)
    
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<User {self.username}>"

Pydantic Schemas

# auth/schemas.py
from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Optional
 
# User schemas
class UserBase(BaseModel):
    email: EmailStr
    username: str = Field(..., min_length=3, max_length=50)
    full_name: Optional[str] = None
 
class UserCreate(UserBase):
    password: str = Field(..., min_length=8, max_length=100)
 
class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
    full_name: Optional[str] = None
    password: Optional[str] = None
 
class UserInDB(UserBase):
    id: int
    is_active: bool
    is_superuser: bool
    created_at: datetime
    updated_at: datetime
    
    class Config:
        from_attributes = True
 
class User(UserInDB):
    pass
 
# Token schemas
class Token(BaseModel):
    access_token: str
    refresh_token: str
    token_type: str = "bearer"
 
class TokenData(BaseModel):
    username: Optional[str] = None
    scopes: list[str] = []
 
class RefreshTokenRequest(BaseModel):
    refresh_token: str

Password Hashing & Token Creation

# auth/security.py
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from typing import Optional
from jose import JWTError, jwt
from passlib.context import CryptContext
from config import settings
 
# Password hashing context
pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
 
def verify_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str) -> bool:
    """Verify a password against its hash."""
    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
 
def get_password_hash(password: str) -> str:
    """Hash a password."""
    return pwd_context.hash(password)
 
def create_access_token(
    data: dict, 
    expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None
) -> str:
    """Create a JWT access token."""
    to_encode = data.copy()
    
    if expires_delta:
        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
    else:
        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
            minutes=settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES
        )
    
    to_encode.update({"exp": expire, "type": "access"})
    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(
        to_encode, 
        settings.SECRET_KEY, 
        algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM
    )
    return encoded_jwt
 
def create_refresh_token(data: dict) -> str:
    """Create a JWT refresh token."""
    to_encode = data.copy()
    expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(days=settings.REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS)
    to_encode.update({"exp": expire, "type": "refresh"})
    
    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(
        to_encode,
        settings.SECRET_KEY,
        algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM
    )
    return encoded_jwt
 
def verify_token(token: str, token_type: str = "access") -> Optional[dict]:
    """Verify and decode a JWT token."""
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(
            token,
            settings.SECRET_KEY,
            algorithms=[settings.ALGORITHM]
        )
        
        # Check token type
        if payload.get("type") != token_type:
            return None
            
        return payload
    except JWTError:
        return None

Authentication Dependencies

# auth/dependencies.py
from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from jose import JWTError
from typing import Optional
 
from .security import verify_token
from .models import User
from .schemas import TokenData
from database import get_db
 
# OAuth2 scheme for token extraction
oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
    tokenUrl="auth/login",
    scopes={
        "user": "Regular user access",
        "admin": "Admin access"
    }
)
 
async def get_current_user(
    token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme),
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
) -> User:
    """Get the current authenticated user from JWT token."""
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )
    
    # Verify token
    payload = verify_token(token, token_type="access")
    if payload is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    username: str = payload.get("sub")
    if username is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    # Get user from database
    user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()
    if user is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    return user
 
async def get_current_active_user(
    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)
) -> User:
    """Ensure the current user is active."""
    if not current_user.is_active:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Inactive user"
        )
    return current_user
 
async def get_current_superuser(
    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)
) -> User:
    """Ensure the current user is a superuser."""
    if not current_user.is_superuser:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
            detail="Not enough permissions"
        )
    return current_user

Authentication Routes

# auth/routes.py
from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from datetime import timedelta
 
from .schemas import User, UserCreate, Token, RefreshTokenRequest
from .models import User as UserModel
from .security import (
    verify_password,
    get_password_hash,
    create_access_token,
    create_refresh_token,
    verify_token
)
from .dependencies import get_current_active_user
from database import get_db
from config import settings
 
router = APIRouter(prefix="/auth", tags=["authentication"])
 
@router.post("/register", response_model=User, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
async def register(user_data: UserCreate, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """Register a new user."""
    # Check if user already exists
    if db.query(UserModel).filter(UserModel.email == user_data.email).first():
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Email already registered"
        )
    
    if db.query(UserModel).filter(UserModel.username == user_data.username).first():
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Username already taken"
        )
    
    # Create new user
    user = UserModel(
        email=user_data.email,
        username=user_data.username,
        full_name=user_data.full_name,
        hashed_password=get_password_hash(user_data.password)
    )
    
    db.add(user)
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(user)
    
    return user
 
@router.post("/login", response_model=Token)
async def login(
    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """Login with username and password, returns JWT tokens."""
    # Find user
    user = db.query(UserModel).filter(
        UserModel.username == form_data.username
    ).first()
    
    # Verify credentials
    if not user or not verify_password(form_data.password, user.hashed_password):
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
            detail="Incorrect username or password",
            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
        )
    
    # Check if user is active
    if not user.is_active:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            detail="Inactive user"
        )
    
    # Create tokens
    access_token = create_access_token(data={"sub": user.username})
    refresh_token = create_refresh_token(data={"sub": user.username})
    
    return {
        "access_token": access_token,
        "refresh_token": refresh_token,
        "token_type": "bearer"
    }
 
@router.post("/refresh", response_model=Token)
async def refresh_token(
    refresh_data: RefreshTokenRequest,
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """Refresh access token using refresh token."""
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )
    
    # Verify refresh token
    payload = verify_token(refresh_data.refresh_token, token_type="refresh")
    if payload is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    username: str = payload.get("sub")
    if username is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    # Verify user still exists and is active
    user = db.query(UserModel).filter(UserModel.username == username).first()
    if not user or not user.is_active:
        raise credentials_exception
    
    # Create new tokens
    access_token = create_access_token(data={"sub": user.username})
    new_refresh_token = create_refresh_token(data={"sub": user.username})
    
    return {
        "access_token": access_token,
        "refresh_token": new_refresh_token,
        "token_type": "bearer"
    }
 
@router.get("/me", response_model=User)
async def get_me(current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
    """Get current user information."""
    return current_user
 
@router.put("/me", response_model=User)
async def update_me(
    user_update: UserUpdate,
    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_user),
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """Update current user information."""
    if user_update.email:
        # Check if email is already taken by another user
        existing = db.query(UserModel).filter(
            UserModel.email == user_update.email,
            UserModel.id != current_user.id
        ).first()
        if existing:
            raise HTTPException(
                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
                detail="Email already registered"
            )
        current_user.email = user_update.email
    
    if user_update.full_name:
        current_user.full_name = user_update.full_name
    
    if user_update.password:
        current_user.hashed_password = get_password_hash(user_update.password)
    
    db.commit()
    db.refresh(current_user)
    
    return current_user

Database Setup

# database.py
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from config import settings
 
engine = create_engine(
    settings.DATABASE_URL,
    connect_args={"check_same_thread": False} if "sqlite" in settings.DATABASE_URL else {}
)
 
SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
 
def get_db():
    """Database session dependency."""
    db = SessionLocal()
    try:
        yield db
    finally:
        db.close()
 
def init_db():
    """Initialize database tables."""
    from auth.models import Base
    Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)

Main Application

# main.py
from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 
from auth.routes import router as auth_router
from auth.dependencies import get_current_active_user, get_current_superuser
from auth.schemas import User
from database import init_db
 
app = FastAPI(
    title="FastAPI Authentication",
    description="Complete authentication system with JWT",
    version="1.0.0"
)
 
# CORS middleware
app.add_middleware(
    CORSMiddleware,
    allow_origins=["http://localhost:3000"],  # Frontend URL
    allow_credentials=True,
    allow_methods=["*"],
    allow_headers=["*"],
)
 
# Initialize database
@app.on_event("startup")
async def startup_event():
    init_db()
 
# Include routers
app.include_router(auth_router)
 
# Public endpoint
@app.get("/")
async def root():
    return {"message": "Welcome to FastAPI Authentication API"}
 
# Protected endpoint - requires authentication
@app.get("/protected")
async def protected_route(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
    return {
        "message": "This is a protected route",
        "user": current_user.username
    }
 
# Admin-only endpoint
@app.get("/admin")
async def admin_route(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_superuser)):
    return {
        "message": "This is an admin-only route",
        "user": current_user.username
    }

Testing the API

1. Register a New User

curl -X POST "http://localhost:8000/auth/register" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "email": "user@example.com",
    "username": "johndoe",
    "full_name": "John Doe",
    "password": "secretpassword123"
  }'

curl -X POST "http://localhost:8000/auth/login" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
  -d "username=johndoe&password=secretpassword123"

Response:

{
  "access_token": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...",
  "refresh_token": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...",
  "token_type": "bearer"
}

3. Access Protected Route

curl -X GET "http://localhost:8000/protected" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"

4. Get Current User

curl -X GET "http://localhost:8000/auth/me" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"

5. Refresh Token

curl -X POST "http://localhost:8000/auth/refresh" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "refresh_token": "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN"
  }'

Frontend Integration Example

React with Axios

// api/auth.js
import axios from 'axios';
 
const API_URL = 'http://localhost:8000';
 
// Create axios instance
const api = axios.create({
  baseURL: API_URL,
});
 
// Add token to requests
api.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
  const token = localStorage.getItem('access_token');
  if (token) {
    config.headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${token}`;
  }
  return config;
});
 
// Handle token refresh on 401
api.interceptors.response.use(
  (response) => response,
  async (error) => {
    const originalRequest = error.config;
    
    if (error.response.status === 401 && !originalRequest._retry) {
      originalRequest._retry = true;
      
      const refreshToken = localStorage.getItem('refresh_token');
      if (refreshToken) {
        try {
          const response = await axios.post(`${API_URL}/auth/refresh`, {
            refresh_token: refreshToken,
          });
          
          const { access_token, refresh_token } = response.data;
          localStorage.setItem('access_token', access_token);
          localStorage.setItem('refresh_token', refresh_token);
          
          originalRequest.headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${access_token}`;
          return api(originalRequest);
        } catch (err) {
          // Refresh failed, redirect to login
          localStorage.clear();
          window.location.href = '/login';
        }
      }
    }
    
    return Promise.reject(error);
  }
);
 
export const authAPI = {
  register: (data) => api.post('/auth/register', data),
  login: (username, password) => 
    api.post('/auth/login', 
      new URLSearchParams({ username, password }),
      { headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' }}
    ),
  getMe: () => api.get('/auth/me'),
  updateMe: (data) => api.put('/auth/me', data),
};
 
export default api;

// components/Login.jsx
import { useState } from 'react';
import { authAPI } from '../api/auth';
 
function Login() {
  const [username, setUsername] = useState('');
  const [password, setPassword] = useState('');
  const [error, setError] = useState('');
  
  const handleLogin = async (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    setError('');
    
    try {
      const response = await authAPI.login(username, password);
      const { access_token, refresh_token } = response.data;
      
      localStorage.setItem('access_token', access_token);
      localStorage.setItem('refresh_token', refresh_token);
      
      // Redirect to dashboard
      window.location.href = '/dashboard';
    } catch (err) {
      setError(err.response?.data?.detail || 'Login failed');
    }
  };
  
  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleLogin}>
      <input
        type="text"
        placeholder="Username"
        value={username}
        onChange={(e) => setUsername(e.target.value)}
        required
      />
      <input
        type="password"
        placeholder="Password"
        value={password}
        onChange={(e) => setPassword(e.target.value)}
        required
      />
      {error && <p className="error">{error}</p>}
      <button type="submit">Login</button>
    </form>
  );
}
 
export default Login;

Security Best Practices

1. Strong Secret Keys

# Generate a secure secret key
import secrets
secret_key = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
print(secret_key)  # Use this in your .env file

2. Environment Variables

Never hardcode secrets:

# ❌ Bad
SECRET_KEY = "my-secret-key"
 
# ✅ Good
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv("SECRET_KEY")

3. Password Requirements

# schemas.py
from pydantic import validator
import re
 
class UserCreate(BaseModel):
    password: str = Field(..., min_length=8)
    
    @validator('password')
    def password_strength(cls, v):
        if not re.search(r'[A-Z]', v):
            raise ValueError('Password must contain uppercase letter')
        if not re.search(r'[a-z]', v):
            raise ValueError('Password must contain lowercase letter')
        if not re.search(r'\d', v):
            raise ValueError('Password must contain digit')
        if not re.search(r'[!@#$%^&*(),.?":{}|<>]', v):
            raise ValueError('Password must contain special character')
        return v

4. Rate Limiting

from slowapi import Limiter, _rate_limit_exceeded_handler
from slowapi.util import get_remote_address
from slowapi.errors import RateLimitExceeded
 
limiter = Limiter(key_func=get_remote_address)
app.state.limiter = limiter
app.add_exception_handler(RateLimitExceeded, _rate_limit_exceeded_handler)
 
@router.post("/login")
@limiter.limit("5/minute")  # 5 attempts per minute
async def login(request: Request, ...):
    ...

5. Token Expiration

# Short-lived access tokens
ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 15  # 15 minutes
 
# Longer-lived refresh tokens
REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS = 7  # 7 days

6. HTTPS Only in Production

# In production
from fastapi.middleware.httpsredirect import HTTPSRedirectMiddleware
 
if not settings.DEBUG:
    app.add_middleware(HTTPSRedirectMiddleware)

7. Store Tokens Securely

// ❌ Bad - localStorage vulnerable to XSS
localStorage.setItem('token', token);
 
// ✅ Better - httpOnly cookies (set from backend)
// Backend sets cookie:
response.set_cookie(
    key="access_token",
    value=access_token,
    httponly=True,
    secure=True,
    samesite="lax"
)

Advanced Features

Email Verification

import secrets
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 
class User(Base):
    # ... existing fields
    email_verified = Column(Boolean, default=False)
    verification_token = Column(String, nullable=True)
    verification_token_expires = Column(DateTime, nullable=True)
 
async def send_verification_email(user: User, db: Session):
    """Generate and send verification email."""
    token = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
    expires = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(hours=24)
    
    user.verification_token = token
    user.verification_token_expires = expires
    db.commit()
    
    # Send email with verification link
    verification_url = f"http://yourapp.com/verify?token={token}"
    # ... send email logic
 
@router.get("/verify")
async def verify_email(token: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """Verify user email."""
    user = db.query(User).filter(
        User.verification_token == token,
        User.verification_token_expires > datetime.utcnow()
    ).first()
    
    if not user:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid or expired token")
    
    user.email_verified = True
    user.verification_token = None
    user.verification_token_expires = None
    db.commit()
    
    return {"message": "Email verified successfully"}

Password Reset

@router.post("/forgot-password")
async def forgot_password(email: EmailStr, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """Send password reset email."""
    user = db.query(User).filter(User.email == email).first()
    
    if user:
        # Generate reset token
        reset_token = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
        # Store token and expiry in database
        # Send email with reset link
        pass
    
    # Always return success to prevent email enumeration
    return {"message": "If email exists, reset link has been sent"}
 
@router.post("/reset-password")
async def reset_password(
    token: str,
    new_password: str,
    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
):
    """Reset password with token."""
    # Verify token and update password
    pass

Testing Authentication

# tests/test_auth.py
import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from main import app
 
client = TestClient(app)
 
def test_register():
    response = client.post("/auth/register", json={
        "email": "test@example.com",
        "username": "testuser",
        "password": "Test123!@#",
        "full_name": "Test User"
    })
    assert response.status_code == 201
    data = response.json()
    assert data["email"] == "test@example.com"
    assert "hashed_password" not in data
 
def test_login():
    response = client.post("/auth/login", data={
        "username": "testuser",
        "password": "Test123!@#"
    })
    assert response.status_code == 200
    data = response.json()
    assert "access_token" in data
    assert "refresh_token" in data
    assert data["token_type"] == "bearer"
 
def test_protected_route_without_token():
    response = client.get("/protected")
    assert response.status_code == 401
 
def test_protected_route_with_token():
    # Login first
    login_response = client.post("/auth/login", data={
        "username": "testuser",
        "password": "Test123!@#"
    })
    token = login_response.json()["access_token"]
    
    # Access protected route
    response = client.get(
        "/protected",
        headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert "message" in response.json()
 
def test_refresh_token():
    # Login and get refresh token
    login_response = client.post("/auth/login", data={
        "username": "testuser",
        "password": "Test123!@#"
    })
    refresh_token = login_response.json()["refresh_token"]
    
    # Refresh
    response = client.post("/auth/refresh", json={
        "refresh_token": refresh_token
    })
    assert response.status_code == 200
    data = response.json()
    assert "access_token" in data

Conclusion

You now have a complete, production-ready authentication system in FastAPI:

✅ User registration with password hashing
✅ JWT-based authentication with access and refresh tokens
✅ OAuth2 password flow for standard compliance
✅ Protected routes with dependency injection
✅ Token refresh mechanism
✅ Security best practices implemented
✅ Frontend integration examples
✅ Testing setup

Key Takeaways

Never store plain passwords - always hash with bcrypt
Use short-lived access tokens - 15-30 minutes
Implement refresh tokens - for seamless user experience
Validate tokens properly - check expiry and type
Secure your secret keys - use environment variables
Rate limit login attempts - prevent brute force attacks
Use HTTPS in production - encrypt data in transit

Next Steps

Add social OAuth (Google, GitHub)
Implement 2FA (Two-Factor Authentication)
Add role-based access control (RBAC)
Set up email verification
Add password reset functionality
Implement session management
Add login attempt tracking

Your FastAPI app is now secure and ready for production! 🔒

Authentication in FastAPI: Complete Guide to JWT & OAuth2

What We'll Build

Setting Up Dependencies

Project Structure

Configuration

Database Models

Pydantic Schemas

Password Hashing & Token Creation

Authentication Dependencies

Authentication Routes

Database Setup

Main Application

Testing the API

1. Register a New User

3. Access Protected Route

4. Get Current User

5. Refresh Token

Frontend Integration Example

React with Axios

Security Best Practices

1. Strong Secret Keys

2. Environment Variables

3. Password Requirements

4. Rate Limiting

5. Token Expiration

6. HTTPS Only in Production

7. Store Tokens Securely

Advanced Features

Email Verification

Password Reset

Testing Authentication

Conclusion

Key Takeaways

Next Steps

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💬 Comments

What We'll Build

Setting Up Dependencies

Project Structure

Configuration

Database Models

Pydantic Schemas

Password Hashing & Token Creation

Authentication Dependencies

Authentication Routes

Database Setup

Main Application

Testing the API

1. Register a New User

2. Login

3. Access Protected Route

4. Get Current User

5. Refresh Token

Frontend Integration Example

React with Axios

Login Component

Security Best Practices

1. Strong Secret Keys

2. Environment Variables

3. Password Requirements

4. Rate Limiting

5. Token Expiration

6. HTTPS Only in Production

7. Store Tokens Securely

Advanced Features

Email Verification

Password Reset

Testing Authentication

Conclusion

Key Takeaways

Next Steps

📬 Subscribe to Newsletter

💬 Comments